Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: issues of scale and trophic complexity
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning
Species diversity is a major determinant of ecosystem productivity, stability, invasibility, and nutrient dynamics. Hundreds of studies spanning terrestrial, aquatic, and marine ecosystems show that high-diversity mixtures are approximately twice as productive as monocultures of the same species and that this difference increases through time. These impacts of higher diversity have multiple cau...
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BACKGROUND With the recognition that environmental change resulting from anthropogenic activities is causing a global decline in biodiversity, much attention has been devoted to understanding how changes in biodiversity may alter levels of ecosystem functioning. Although environmental complexity has long been recognised as a major driving force in evolutionary processes, it has only recently be...
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Experimental studies of the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning have taken two main approaches: the experimental removal of species from real communities and the construction of model communities to form gradients of diversity. The fundamental difficulty in designing biodiversity experiments is the large number of possible species combinations that make simple, unambiguo...
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The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF) and its consequence for ecosystem services has predominantly been studied by controlled, short-term and small-scale experiments under standardized environmental conditions and constant community compositions. However, changes in biodiversity occur in real-world ecosystems with varying environments and a dynamic community comp...
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Although recent studies suggest that climate change may substantially accelerate the rate of species loss in the biosphere, only a few studies have focused on the potential consequences of a spatial reorganization of biodiversity with global warming. Here, we show a pronounced latitudinal increase in phytoplanktonic and zooplanktonic biodiversity in the extratropical North Atlantic Ocean in rec...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Marine Ecology Progress Series
سال: 2006
ISSN: 0171-8630,1616-1599
DOI: 10.3354/meps311285